A line of barefoot girls in headscarves and long patterned skirts carry large clay water jars on their backs past a brick wall. Newton & Co lantern slide no. 50 from the series "The Persians, Kurds, and Nestorians, their manners and customs", attributed by the Nelson Collection to Ernest Hoeltzer, late 19th century; published in The Living Races of Mankind (1901) as "Armenians water-carrying (Nestorians)" and by D'Allemagne (1911) as "Jeunes filles Nestoriennes faisant le métier de porteuses d'eau" (young Nestorian women working as water carriers).

Nestorian (Assyrian) girls carrying water jars

Group portrait of Russian Orthodox and Assyrian clergy, published in Niva in 1898 under the title "The joining of the Syro-Chaldean Nestorians to the Orthodox Church". The Russian caption names, among others, Bishop Iona, Archpriest Viktor Sinadsky and priest David Veniaminov.

Leaders of the 1898 union of Urmia Assyrians with Russian Orthodoxy

Engraving of a barefoot Syrian (Assyrian) girl in a long dress and headscarf, carrying a load on her back, from Bird's letter on the Ashiret (tribal) Assyrians such as the Tyari.

A Syrian (Assyrian) girl, 1891 engraving

Engraving of a Syrian (Assyrian) priest in a turban and his wife in a headscarf and necklaces, seated side by side, from Bird's letters from Kurdistan.

Syrian (Assyrian) priest and his wife, 1891 engraving

Engraving of two men in felt caps, a woman and a small child, captioned "A Syrian family", printed in Bird's letter written from the house of the Patriarch, likely at Qudshanis in Hakkari.

A Syrian (Assyrian) family, 1891 engraving

Engraving of the stone church of Mar Shalita at Kochanes (Qudshanis), the patriarchal seat, with its graveyard, trees and grazing animals below the mountains.

Church of Mar Shalita, Qudshanis, 1891 engraving

Shemasha (Deacon) Ishai d'Mar Shimun, father of Patriarch Mar Benyamin Shimun, sits in front of a line of men in tall felt hats, embroidered jackets and striped trousers, several holding rifles, possibly in Urmia. Bain's caption on the negative calls him a "Nestorian Archbishop", which the Library of Congress notes is a misidentification.

Shemasha Ishai d'Mar Shimun with his secretary and servants

Patriarch Abraham Mar Shimun

Mountain refugees in the Russian consulate, Urmia

View over the rooftops of Urmia

British soldier tending a Jilu Assyrian refugee child

Assyrian children in a remote village of Hakkari, c. 1900

Assyrian woman in traditional jewellery at Tel Tamer, 1938

Map of the country of the Assyrian Christians, 1920

Malik Ismail II of Upper Tiyari at Baqubah

Assyrian fighters from Jilu, 1918

Nestorian (Assyrian) house in Tiyari

Nun with a gospel at the Church of the Virgin, Hah, 1909

Two Chaldean women of Mardin

Syriac and Chaldean women and girls of Mardin province

Jilu Assyrian refugees cooking with a British soldier, 1918

Tiyari (Assyrian) refugees helped by the Armenian Committee in Urmia, 1917

Elderly Assyrian man at Tel Tamer, 1938

Assyrian refugees from Tiyari and Tkhuma encamped near Urmia, 1915

Entrance to the Syriac Orthodox church of St. Mark, Jerusalem

Syriac-rite Mass with Cardinal Tappouni at the 1937 Paris Exposition

Syriac cultural centre in Varberga, Örebro

Bear hunters at Qudshanis

Archbishop Julius Abdulahad Gallo Shabo at a church founding ceremony, Örebro

Jilu Assyrian mother giving her child a drink, 1918

Jacobite (Syriac Orthodox) women drawing water at Midyat, Tur Abdin

Nestorian (Assyrian) Christian family, studio portrait by Sevruguin

Stera and Warina, survivors of the massacres

St Peter and St Paul Syriac Orthodox church, Hallunda

Faces, places & memories of the Assyrian people.